通过可再生能源国家和国际标准增强气候适应型能源基础设施

Francis Xavier Ochieng, Joseph Ngugi Kamau, Ephantus Mbugua Kamweru
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肯尼亚能源部门的装机容量为3.601吉瓦(并网发电3.321吉瓦,自备发电280.76兆瓦),其中80.48%直接来自可再生能源。然而,可再生能源在能源结构中所占的巨大比例并没有反映在标准的采用或制定中。标准有助于提高产品的安全性和效率、安全性和质量保证,同时确保组件的互联性和互操作性。标准有助于新技术、良好实践的传播,最终实现气候适应型能源基础设施(CREI)。为了实现CREI,标准起到了促进可再生能源实现规模经济的催化剂作用,同时也提供了加速其部署的技术规范。因此,这项研究解决了由于缺乏所有可再生能源的适当标准库存而存在的不祥差距。通过这种方式,这项工作解决了政策和标准之间的直接因果关系与可再生能源的管理、信息系统和社会利用等应用领域之间不规律的、有时不一致的差距。该研究采用了混合方法研究(MMR)方法,使人们能够了解肯尼亚的可再生能源(RE)标准环境。此外,采用现实文献综述和元分析文献综述来处理可再生能源领域内的复杂标准。研究表明,在大多数可再生能源技术中,各种可再生能源技术在标准方面存在重大差距,这是因为大多数可再生能源技术不能在当地制造。该研究还得出结论,对标准实施的认识很低,而且,由于在全球一级缺乏对技术创新的认识,国家标准的制定和主管人员的能力建设(包括对可再生能源技术的技术财政支持)受到了严重阻碍。随后,这项研究确实认识到大学和高等教育机构在研究和分析可再生能源技术以及适应和/或采用当地和国际标准方面的核心作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Augmenting climate-resilient energy infrastructure through National and International Standards for Renewables
Kenya’s Energy sector has an installed capacity of 3.601 GW (grid-connected 3.321 GW and captive 280.76 MW), with 80.48% coming directly from Renewable energy sources. This huge percentage of renewable energy in the energy mix, however, is not reflected in the adoption or development of Standards. Standards help enhance the safety and efficiency of products, security, and quality assurance while ensuring interconnectivity and interoperability of components. Standards enable the dissemination of new technologies, good practises, and ultimately a climate-resilient energy infrastructure (CREI). To achieve CREI, standards act as a catalyst for advancing the attainment of economies of scale for renewables while also providing technical specifications to accelerate their deployment. This study thus addresses the ominous gap that exists due to the lack of a proper standard inventory across all renewables. In this way, this work addresses the irregular and at times inconsistent gap between the direct causal link between policy and standards on the one side and application areas such as management, information systems, and social use of renewable energy on the other. The study employed the Mixed Methods Research (MMR) approach to enable an understanding of the Renewable Energy (RE) standards environment in Kenya. In addition, realistic literature reviews and metaanalysis literature reviews were employed to deal with complex standards within the renewable energy sector. The study demonstrated that in the majority of Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs), major gaps in terms of standards exist for various RETs, the import of this being that the majority of RETs cannot be manufactured locally. The study also concludes that a low awareness exists of standard implementation, and further, due to a lack of awareness of technological innovations on the global level, the development of national standards and capacity building of competent staff (including techno-financial support for renewable energy technologies) have been significantly hampered. Subsequently, the study does appreciate the role of universities and higher educational institutions as being central in the research and analysis of renewable energy technologies as well as the adaptation and/or adoption of local and international standards.
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