利用可回收g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3纳米复合催化剂将食用废油转化为生物燃料:毒性评价与优化

Rauf Foroutan, Reza Mohammadi, Mohammad Taheri, Amir Ahmadi, Bahman Ramavandi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究以鸡骨和三聚氰胺为原料制备了一种新型非生物非均相复合材料g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3,并将其用于食用废油(EWO)生物燃料的生产。FTIR、SEM、Map-EDX、BET、VSM和XRD等技术证实了催化剂的合成。测定了g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3的磁饱和数和BET值为8.89 emu。G-1和3.95 m2。分别g1。采用响应面法-中心复合设计,探讨了温度、时间、催化剂质量和甲醇:油(MeOH: Oil)比对生物燃料生产的影响。在接触时间为150 min、温度为65℃、催化剂用量为3 wt%、MeOH: Oil比为15:1的条件下,EWO生物燃料的最大产率为98.52%。计算得到该反应的活化能和k0为58.91 kJ。Mol-1和3.24×107 min-1。在生物燃料生产过程中,ΔH和ΔG的值被确定为阳性,表明生物燃料生产过程是放热的,非自发的。环境因子(E)的值还表明,生物燃料生产对环境的有害影响可以忽略不计。多相催化剂在酯交换过程中可以有效地多次重复使用。生产的生物燃料符合国际标准,可作为合适的燃料源。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Edible waste oil to biofuel using reclaimable g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 nanobiocomposite catalyst: Toxicity evaluation and optimization
In the current work, the new heterogeneous nonobiocomposite of g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 was made from chicken bone and melamine and used in biofuel generation from edible waste oil (EWO). FTIR, SEM, Map-EDX, BET, VSM, and XRD techniques confirmed that the catalyst was synthesized. The magnetic saturation number and the BET value of g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 were determined to be 8.89 emu.g-1 and 3.95 m2.g-1, respectively. The impact of temperature, time, catalyst mass, and the ratio of methanol: Oil (MeOH: Oil) on biofuel production was explored using response surface method-central composite design. The maximum yield of biofuel from EWO (98.52%) achieved at contact time of 150 min, temperature of 65 oC, catalyst amount of 3 wt%, and MeOH: Oil ratio of 15:1. Activation energy and k0 for the transesterification process were computed to be 58.91 kJ.mol-1 and 3.24×107 min-1, respectively. The values of ΔH and ΔG were determined positive for the biofuel production process, which indicates that the biofuel production process is exothermic and non-spontaneous. The value of the environmental factor (E) also showed that biofuel production has negligible harmful effects on the environment. The heterogeneous catalyst can be effectively reused many times in the transesterification process. The produced biofuel was in good compliance with famous standards and can serve as a suitable fuel source.
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