Effectiveness of Dry Grinding and Wet Grinding Methods on Solution and Dissolution Rate of Nimodipine-HPMC Nanoparticles

Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker that shares the general properties of nifedipine, but acts mainly on cerebral blood vessels. Nimodipine belongs to the Class II Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) drug group, which has low solubility and high permeability. The purpose of this study was to look at the differences in the yield of nanoparticles between the dry grinding and wet grinding methods on the physicochemical properties, solubility, and dissolution rate of nimodipine nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were prepared a nimodipine: HPMC ratio of 1:0.6 using two different methods. Sample characterization was carried out using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The Solubility test was carried out in CO2-free distilled water and the dissolution rate was carried out in phosphate buffer pH 7.2. The solubility of pure nimodipine in CO2-free distilled water was 0.339 µg/mL, the physical mixture was 1.948 µg/mL, the dry grinding nanoparticles were 3.367 µg/mL, and the wet grinding nanoparticles were 19.952 µg/mL. The dissolution test results obtained with the percentage of pure nimodipine dissolution at 60th minutes was 33.947%, the physical mixture was 39.482%, the dry grinding nanoparticles were 49.798%, and the wet grinding nanoparticles were 56.484%. Based on the results of the study, it can be said that the nimodipine-HPMC nanoparticles significantly increased the solubility and dissolution rate of nimodipine.