Physical modeling of complex lithofacies volcanic edifices and seismic characteristics

Abstract The Songnan fault basin contains a significant distribution of basaltic volcanics, which serve as one of the primary types of reservoirs in the area. Volcanic formations exhibit notable distinctions when compared to conventional oil and gas reservoirs, and the precise seismic response mechanism of these formations remains uncertain. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the seismic response mechanism of volcanic formations to enhance the geophysical characterization capability of oil and gas reservoirs composed of igneous rock. The seismic physical simulation model method is utilised to obtain dependable data for investigating the seismic response mechanisms of volcanic structures. This is achieved by constructing intricate physical models of rocks and volcanic structures.Our team focused on the development of materials and processes for accurately modelling various rock and volcanic structures, and we successfully designed and produced a three-dimensional physical model representing volcanic structures in the Chaganhua area. Furthermore, we conducted thorough data acquisition and analysis to examine the seismic response characteristics and sensitive properties of different geological bodies. We can improve the accuracy of identifying different lithofacies of volcanic rocks by extracting different seismic attributes. This study presents a reliable approach for elucidating the seismic response mechanism of intricate rock and volcanic formations. It can also serve as a valuable resource for processing and interpreting seismic data in the specific study region. The conclusion that weak seismic reflection signals in volcanic rocks are effective signals rather than noise can be more conducive to accurate analysis and description of volcanic structures.