A Mixed methods research on the Development of Core Competencies of Social Service Corps in Social Welfare Facilities

본 연구의 목적은 사회복지시설에 배치된 사회복무요원의 직무와 관련한 핵심역량을 도출하여 사회복무요원의 업무 향상과 서비스의 질적 향상에 기여하기 위함이다. 이를 위해 사회복무요원 378명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 복무기관 담당자 11명의 심층면접조사를 종합한 수렴적 평행설계(convergent design)를 수행하였다. 양적연구는 전국 사회복지시설에서 사회복무요원으로 배치된 사회복무요원을 대상으로 역량별 요구수준을 조사한 후 복무기관과 역량별 요구수준을 종합한 구간추정방법을 활용하여 ‘소양 및 태도’에서 3개 역량, ‘사회복지실천 역량’에서 6개 역량, ‘직무수행 역량’에서 4개 역량을 선별 총 13개의 핵심역량을 도출하였다. 질적연구는 사회복지시설에서 사회복무요원 복무 관리를 담당하는 11명의 복무기관 담당자를 대상으로 초점집단인터뷰(Focus Group Interview)를 실시하여 사회복무요원의 직무와 복무 환경변화를 기반으로 주제분석을 통한 핵심역량을 도출하였으며 이를 통해 ‘소양 및 태도’에서 3개 역량, ‘사회복지실천 역량’에서 5개 역량, ‘직무수행 역량’에서 7개 역량이 도출되었다. 본 연구는 사회복지분야의 인적자원으로써 사회복무요원의 역량 향상이 궁극적으로 사회복지시설 및 서비스의 발전에 기여할 수 있다는 점에 주목하여 이들의 핵심역량을 다각적으로 파악하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.The purpose of this study is to develop the core competencies of social service corps working in social welfare facilities, in order to contribute to the enhancement of their work performance and the qualitative improvement of services they provide. To achieve this objective, a mixed methods research approach was employed, involving a survey conducted on 378 social service corps working in social welfare facilities and in-depth interviews with 11 administrative workers responsible for overseeing social service corps. In the first phase, a quantitative study was conducted targeting social service corps working in social welfare facilities nationwide. The study involved the utilization of an interval estimation method that incorporated the requirements demanded by institutions and competencies, and as a result, a total of 13 core competencies were identified. Specifically, 3 competencies were identified within the domain of ‘Disposition and Attitude,’ 6 competencies were identified within the domain of ‘Social Welfare Practice Competencies,’ and finally, 4 competencies were identified within the domain of ‘Job Performance Competencies.’ Subsequently, during the second phase of the qualitative study, the researchers conducted Focus Group Interviews with 11 administrative workers responsible for managing social service corps duties in social welfare facilities. Core competencies were extracted through thematic analysis based on the duties and changing work environment of the social service corps. The results revealed 3 competencies under ‘Cultivated Literacy and Attitude,’ 5 competencies within ‘Social Welfare Practice Competencies,’ and 7 competencies within ‘Job Performance Competencies.’ The significance of this study lies in its comprehensive presentation of outcomes through the incorporation of both quantitative and qualitative methods, involving not only the social service corps that participated in training but also the administrative personnel that supports the performance of social service corps and utilization of the competencies. This study holds valuable implications as fundamental material for the advancement of the training and education system for the social service corps.