Current scenario of refractive accommodative esotropia management in a tertiary eye care center: A retrospective study

Aim: To evaluate and analyze the management outcomes of children diagnosed with refractive accommodative esotropia. Methods: The medical records of 78 patients, who had cycloplegic correction for esotropia correction at the time of their first appointment, were thoroughly reviewed. The initial and latest visits’ cycloplegic refraction, deviation for distance and near with and without spectacles in place, stereoacuity, age of onset, management pattern, presence of anisometropia, and changes in hyperopia during the course of the research were among the factors examined. Results: The inclusion criteria were met by 78 participants in total. The mean age of participants was 5.3 ± 2.4 years. The average follow-up time was 3.1 years. Fully refractive accommodative esotropia was found in 89.74% of the patients. During the follow-up period, the mean cycloplegic refraction (diopters, spherical equivalent) remained steady. The average yearly change in refraction was 0.03 D in the right eye and 0.02 D in the left eye. Stereopsis was identified in 94.87% of patients on the first visit and improved on the second visit. Conclusion: Current management techniques for this condition result in a considerable reduction in amblyopia prevalence when compared to the prevalence upon presentation. The degree of hyperopia, on the other hand, remains unchanged, with little hope of becoming free of spectacles. It should be noted that long-term full-time spectacle use may affect emmetropization. It is likely that children will be prone to remain hyperopic.