Characterisation of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 10-Year Experience

Introduction: Coronary intervention is a therapeutic method for acute coronary syndrome. Objectives: Characterise patients with acute coronary syndrome treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. Method: Analytical, observational, retrospective, and cross-sectional study of 1,469 patients with the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, treated with percutaneous coronary intervention at the Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital, Havana, Cuba, between 2010–2019. Results: The mean age of the patients was 61.1±10.6 years, 72% were male, and 68.3% had acute coronary syndrome without persistent ST-segment elevation. The commonest risk factor was hypertension (69%). Radial access was used in 75.0% of procedures, and 82.0% had a single occluded epicardial coronary artery (42.4% anterior descending artery, 29.7% right coronary artery). One (63.3%) bare metal stent was implanted in 70.7% of patients, with a 96.0% angiographic success rate. There were complications in 1.1% of cases. Diabetes was significantly associated with the failure of the procedure. Conclusions: Most of the patients were middle-aged, with hypertension and a diagnosis of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, where the most frequently treated artery is the left anterior descending artery, and the radial artery is the most commonly used vascular access route with an elevated number of successful procedures. The presence of diabetes is significantly associated with the failure of the procedure.