WSN Implementation to Prevent Train Track Collapse

: In this research, it presents a Wireless Area Network (WSN) routing protocol with high throughput, dependability, and energy efficiency. It uses multi-hop topology to reduce energy consumption and increase network lifetime. It suggests utilizing a cost function to select a parent node or forwarder. The recommended cost function picks a parent node that is close to the sink and has a high residual energy. The residual energy parameter balances the energy consumption among the sensor nodes, while the distance parameter ensures successful packet delivery to the sink. The results of the simulations demonstrate that the suggested protocol maximizes network stability and node uptime. Higher packet delivery to sink is a result of longer stability periods, which is highly desirable for ongoing patient monitoring. This study describes a technical framework that includes sensor placement, base station and sensor node architecture, routing protocols, signal acquisition and transmission, and the establishment of an online monitoring sys-tem. The evaluation of linear network topologies based on routing algorithms for train monitoring has been studied using a realistic mesh sensing system. Results show that multi-hop topology outperforms the conventional in terms of end-to-end delay, throughput, and residual energy level. Our protocol approach maximizes network stability and node uptime, according to the simulation results. Longer stability durations lead to higher packet delivery to sink, which is extremely desirable for continual patient monitoring.