Simulation of Spatial Polarization Characteristics of a Triorthogonal Antenna Element for the Tasks of HF Band Bearing

Introduction. Achieving improved accuracy and sensitivity of the direction finding of radio signals represents a relevant research direction in the field of modern HF radio monitoring. HF radio waves propagate through ionospheric layers, which distorts the polarization parameters of the passing electromagnetic wave (EMW). One possible approach to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the direction finding of HF radio signals consists in the use of an antenna element capable of accepting both components of the electromagnetic field in the antenna array. Aim . A comparative analysis of the proposed triorthogonal antenna element with existing solutions for the tasks of HF band bearing. Materials and methods . Antenna elements and their spatial polarization characteristics were simulated in the MATLAB environment using the Phased Array toolbox. Results . The spatial polarization characteristics of the triorthogonal antenna under study were constructed and compared with an asymmetric vertical vibrator and a biorthogonal antenna. The comparison showed that at small elevation angles, the triorthogonal antenna ensures an energy gain of up to 4.5 dB compared to a biorthogonal antenna and an asymmetric vertical vibrator. At elevation angles of 30…60° and over 60°, the increase in the quality of a signal received by the triorthogonal antenna element reaches 3 dB and 2 dB, respectively. Conclusion. According to the obtained spatial polarization characteristics, the triorthogonal antenna under study can be part of a large-base antenna array of the HF band. The use of this antenna will increase the accuracy and sensitivity of direction finding by means of matching the antenna element with the EMW polarization