种族灭绝犯罪者的道德生涯:认知、情感和非人化作为暴力的结果,而不是原因

IF 4.1 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY
Aliza Luft
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引用次数: 1

摘要

长期以来,学者们一直认为非人化会导致暴力。然而,其他人最近认为,那些伤害他人的人这样做是因为他们感到压力或认为暴力是正当的。通过对卢旺达种族灭绝的考察,本文认为矛盾的非人性化理论可以通过考虑文化和道德社会学来调和。对文化和行动的研究表明,当人们努力实施新的做法时,他们通常会在认知和情感上明确地通过这些做法。然而,随着时间的推移,这些有意识的过程逐渐减少,直到曾经是新的行为轻松地进行。另一方面,道德研究表明,我们对行为的情感反应表明了它们的道德意义;当我们对行为没有情感上的反应时,这些行为在道德上就无关紧要了。在这里,我将这些观点与胡图族屠杀图西族的回忆的时间分析结合起来,发现随着时间的推移,认知、情感和关系的转变使杀戮变得平凡。非人化是暴力的结果,而不是原因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Moral Career of the Genocide Perpetrator: Cognition, Emotions, and Dehumanization as a Consequence, Not a Cause, of Violence
Scholars have long argued that dehumanization causes violence. However, others have recently argued that those who harm do so because they feel pressured or view violence as justified. Examining the Rwandan genocide, this article contends that contradictory theories of dehumanization can be reconciled through consideration of cultural and moral sociology. Research on culture and action demonstrates that when people strive to implement new practices, they often explicitly work through them cognitively and emotionally. With time, however, these conscious processes diminish until actions that were once new proceed with ease. In another vein, morality research suggests our affective responses to actions indicate their moral significance; when we do not react emotionally to actions, they are morally irrelevant. Herein, I combine these ideas with a temporal analysis of Hutus’ recollections of killing Tutsi and find cognitive, emotional, and relational transformations rendered killing mundane over time. Dehumanization was a consequence of violence, not a cause.
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来源期刊
Sociological Theory
Sociological Theory SOCIOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
6.80%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: Published for the American Sociological Association, this important journal covers the full range of sociological theory - from ethnomethodology to world systems analysis, from commentaries on the classics to the latest cutting-edge ideas, and from re-examinations of neglected theorists to metatheoretical inquiries. Its themes and contributions are interdisciplinary, its orientation pluralistic, its pages open to commentary and debate. Renowned for publishing the best international research and scholarship, Sociological Theory is essential reading for sociologists and social theorists alike.
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