Challenges Affecting Effective Application of Strategic Management Techniques in the Process of Implementing Organisational Changes in Zambia Correctional Service

Strategic management is a management tool that both public and private sector entities adopt to improve organizational performance especially in the process of implementing organizational changes. Zambia Correctional Service in particular has been undergoing a paradigm shift in order to implement new security sector reforms. Like many other public entities world over has continuously recorded failure in achieving strategic objectives, as noted by cabinet Office’s 2020 performance assessment. Therefore, this study sought to identify challenges that affect effective application of strategic management techniques in the process of implementing organisational changes. This research is a literature review that gathered facts from literature findings of a scientific publications and existing data in the study area of the topic under review. Research findings indicate that the Service has been experiencing a number of challenges and these include; having an ambiguous vision statement, operating on an outdated organisational structure, inadequate end-user engagement and ineffective examination and modification of work processes. The findings show that the Service needs to develop a model for application of strategic management techniques that will support implementation of organisational changes. The model should include element such as establishing a clear end goal (vision), revise the structure to suit the demands of the current strategic plan, conduct program impact assessments to effectively measure performance and examine and modify work processes for effective and efficient public resource management.