算命——选自查利尔·朱兹福维奇的《特夫西尔》(19世纪)

IF 0.1 Q4 HISTORY
Galina Miškinienė
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 In 2020 the author of this article managed to get acquainted with a new collection of manuscripts stored in a private collection. Five manuscripts were reviewed and analysed during this research. All of them perfectly represent the main genres of Lithuanian Tatars manuscripts heritage – kitabs, semi-kitabs, hamails, and tefsirs.
 The manuscripts are dated from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Five manuscripts from this collection were presented in the article “Lithuanian Tatar Manuscripts Written in Arabic Script from the Private Collection: New Discoveries” (2020). So far, the content of only one manuscript has been described in a published article. Starting with the catalogue of Lithua- nian Tatar manuscripts written in Arabic script (2005), in which the compilers drew attention to the content of the manuscripts, other catalogues (2011, 2015, 2020) were published according to the same principles – revealing the content of the manuscript. An opportunity to undertake textological analysis of texts opened for researchers.
 The folklore material from some manuscripts makes a system of incantations, healing spells, and protective rites that were popular not only among the Muslim community, but also among Christians and Jews. This system is closely related to beliefs and superstitions, the origins of which are found in the universal Muslim culture adopted by the Turks. Kitabs and chamails are abound of astrological, calendrical and magical texts. Texts about auspicious and inauspicious days, dreamers and fals (fortune-telling) attract the attention of scholars.
 In this article, we present a fal that we have found in the tefsir (sufra) written by Chalil Juzefovich. This tefsir is dated from the 19th century. Although the fortune-telling text, which is being described for the first time, has no analogues in other manuscripts, it will provide excellent material for further comparative studies. It is much more difficult to determine the source(s) of such texts, as they were very popular in folk culture, may have had a number of variants and a wide circle of distribution. However, with each newly discovered and decoded text, we reveal a layer of Lithuanian Tatar manuscripts.","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Fal – Fortune Telling from Chalil Juzefovich’s Tefsir (19th Century)\",\"authors\":\"Galina Miškinienė\",\"doi\":\"10.15388/totoriai-lietuvos-istorijoje.2023.10\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"At the junction of the 20th–21st centuries more and more attention was being paid to the written heritage of Lithuanian Tatars. From 1997 to 2020 seven catalogues of Lithuanian Tatars manuscripts were published. These catalogues describe the Lithuanian Tatars manuscripts, which are kept in state institutions, museums, archives, as well as in private collections of various countries. The larg- est collections of manuscripts are stored in Belarus and Lithuania. The emergence of such catalogues is an excellent basis for further comparative studies.
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在20 - 21世纪的交汇处,立陶宛鞑靼人的文字遗产越来越受到关注。从1997年到2020年,出版了7本立陶宛鞑靼人手稿目录。这些目录描述了立陶宛鞑靼人的手稿,这些手稿保存在国家机构、博物馆、档案馆以及各国的私人收藏中。最大的手稿收藏在白俄罗斯和立陶宛。这类目录的出现为进一步的比较研究奠定了良好的基础。在2020年,本文的作者设法熟悉了存放在私人收藏中的一批新的手稿。在本研究中,对五份手稿进行了审查和分析。所有这些都完美地代表了立陶宛鞑靼人手稿遗产的主要类型——基塔布、半基塔布、哈马勒和特夫斯尔。这些手稿的年代是从19世纪末到20世纪初。该收藏中的五份手稿在《私人收藏中的立陶宛鞑靼人阿拉伯语手稿:新发现》(2020年)一文中展出。到目前为止,在一篇发表的文章中只描述了一篇手稿的内容。从2005年出版的《立陶宛-年鞑靼人阿拉伯文手稿目录》开始,编者注意了手稿的内容,随后出版的其他目录(2011年、2015年、2020年)也遵循同样的原则——揭示手稿的内容。研究人员有机会对文本进行文本分析。 来自一些手稿的民间传说材料制作了一套咒语,治疗咒语和保护仪式,不仅在穆斯林社区中流行,而且在基督徒和犹太人中也很流行。这一制度与信仰和迷信密切相关,其起源可以在土耳其人所采用的普遍穆斯林文化中找到。Kitabs和chamails中充斥着占星术、历法和魔法文本。关于吉日和不吉日、梦者和占卜(算命)的文本引起了学者们的注意。 在这篇文章中,我们提出了一个我们在Chalil Juzefovich写的书中发现的错误。这幅画可以追溯到19世纪。虽然这是第一次被描述的算命文本在其他手稿中没有类似的内容,但它将为进一步的比较研究提供极好的材料。要确定这些文本的来源要困难得多,因为它们在民间文化中非常流行,可能有许多变体和广泛的传播范围。然而,随着每一个新发现和解码的文本,我们揭示了立陶宛鞑靼手稿的一层。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Fal – Fortune Telling from Chalil Juzefovich’s Tefsir (19th Century)
At the junction of the 20th–21st centuries more and more attention was being paid to the written heritage of Lithuanian Tatars. From 1997 to 2020 seven catalogues of Lithuanian Tatars manuscripts were published. These catalogues describe the Lithuanian Tatars manuscripts, which are kept in state institutions, museums, archives, as well as in private collections of various countries. The larg- est collections of manuscripts are stored in Belarus and Lithuania. The emergence of such catalogues is an excellent basis for further comparative studies. In 2020 the author of this article managed to get acquainted with a new collection of manuscripts stored in a private collection. Five manuscripts were reviewed and analysed during this research. All of them perfectly represent the main genres of Lithuanian Tatars manuscripts heritage – kitabs, semi-kitabs, hamails, and tefsirs. The manuscripts are dated from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Five manuscripts from this collection were presented in the article “Lithuanian Tatar Manuscripts Written in Arabic Script from the Private Collection: New Discoveries” (2020). So far, the content of only one manuscript has been described in a published article. Starting with the catalogue of Lithua- nian Tatar manuscripts written in Arabic script (2005), in which the compilers drew attention to the content of the manuscripts, other catalogues (2011, 2015, 2020) were published according to the same principles – revealing the content of the manuscript. An opportunity to undertake textological analysis of texts opened for researchers. The folklore material from some manuscripts makes a system of incantations, healing spells, and protective rites that were popular not only among the Muslim community, but also among Christians and Jews. This system is closely related to beliefs and superstitions, the origins of which are found in the universal Muslim culture adopted by the Turks. Kitabs and chamails are abound of astrological, calendrical and magical texts. Texts about auspicious and inauspicious days, dreamers and fals (fortune-telling) attract the attention of scholars. In this article, we present a fal that we have found in the tefsir (sufra) written by Chalil Juzefovich. This tefsir is dated from the 19th century. Although the fortune-telling text, which is being described for the first time, has no analogues in other manuscripts, it will provide excellent material for further comparative studies. It is much more difficult to determine the source(s) of such texts, as they were very popular in folk culture, may have had a number of variants and a wide circle of distribution. However, with each newly discovered and decoded text, we reveal a layer of Lithuanian Tatar manuscripts.
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