Self-adaptive middleware framework for Internet of Things

A recent trend in Internet of Things (IoT) is to connect billions of ordinary objects to the Internet and allows these objects to exchange data for smarter services. As smartphones have widely spread in the world and generate various data, it will represent a large portion of heterogeneous interconnected IoT devices. This trend influence users to perceive that the usability of the smartphone mobile application represents the usability of the general IoT service. This article introduces a novel IoT middleware framework to improve the usability of a mobile application, and thereby improve the usability of the IoT service provided through the mobile application. The core idea of our self-adaptive IoT middleware framework is to monitor and analyze application user's behavior, identify symptoms reducing application usability, and autonomously improve the application's interface for users without any intervention from the application developer. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is shown through case studies comparing several different mobile applications from a same business domain.