被推迟的革命

Alexander Ruser
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引用次数: 0

摘要

科学哲学家已经发展出复杂的模型来解释科学革命是如何产生的,更一般地说,科学家是如何处理与预先存在的假设和理论概念相矛盾的事实的。同样,科学史家和知识社会学家也对科学突破如何引发社会革命以及社会因素如何促进或阻碍科学发展进行了全面的研究。然而,科学革命和科学“进步”似乎总是人们关注的中心。然而,同样重要的问题是,为什么有时新的证据和相互矛盾的证据不能引发一场科学革命,这在很大程度上被忽视了。提高我们对“取消”或“推迟”革命的理解不仅有助于分析成功的科学革命。了解现状的捍卫者如何设法压制新信息并忽视科学事实,对于理解科学和政治争议至关重要。因此,本文试图勾勒出一个探索科学革命“黑箱”的概念模型。此外,它将概述一个潜在的框架来分析新古典经济理论在全球金融危机后的生存。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The revolutions postponed
Philosophers of Science have developed sophisti-cated models for explaining how scientific revolu-tions are brought about and more generally how scientists deal with facts that contradict pre-existing assumptions and theoretical concepts. Likewise historians of science and sociologists of knowledge have produced comprehensive studies on how scientific breakthroughs have sparked social revolution and how social factors fostered or hampered scientific developments. However, scientific revolutions and scientific “progress” always seem to be at the center of at-tention. The equally important question of why sometimes new evidence and contradicting evi-dence fail to trigger a scientific revolution has been largely neglected though. Improving our understanding of “called off” or “postponed” rev-olutions not only contributes to analyses of suc-cessful scientific revolutions. Understanding how defenders of the status quo manage to suppress new information and ignore scientific facts is cru-cial to understanding scientific and political con-troversy. This contribution therefore seeks to out-line a conceptual model for probing into the “black box” of scientific revoltions. In addition it will outline a potential framework for analyzing the survival of neoclassic economic theory after the global financial crisis.
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