生态人性与人文生态:电影艺术中镜头叙事的批判途径

Ahmed Tahsin Shams
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引用次数: 3

摘要

在后现代电影艺术中,特别是在商业上取得成功的电影艺术中,导演通过镜头的位置出现在屏幕上,可以被视为对异语概念的限制,即使剧本需要客观的叙事技巧。当剧本只建议角色的视角镜头(PoV)或多声音叙事时,摄影机的位置与导演或观众的视线水平是一种常见的拍摄做法。因此,无论是集中还是分散镜头叙事,宏大的叙事或主观的观点都主导着声音的表现。本文并不是在争论在一个特定的场景中平等对待所有的声音——无论是人类的还是非人类的;相反,本文批判性地指出电影人的生态意识对电影艺术的贡献。通过归纳定性的方法,本文批评了这种人性化的生态刻画,具有讽刺意味的是,生态灭绝在主流电影中被颂扬。因此,本研究通过重新考虑相机的位置,规定了融入生态人性。由于社会正义教育学强调电影制作技术的包容性,就像文学研究一样,生态学不应该成为阶级、性别和种族的受害者或边缘。不可否认,拍摄环境主要是作为背景或附带损害。本文还分享了人类主人公在拯救世界的“英雄”航行中执行生态灾难行动的这种悖论的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ecologized Humanity Versus Humanized Ecology: Critical Approach to Camera Narratives in Cinematic Arts
In postmodern cinematic arts, specifically commercially successful ones, the presence of the director on screen through the camera's position could be perceived as a limitation against the notion of heteroglossia, even if the script requires an objective narrative technique. When the script suggests only characters’ Point of View shots (PoV) or multi-vocal narratives, camera position from the director’s or audience’s eye level is a common filming practice. Therefore, a grand narrative or subjective point of view predominates the representation of voices, whether intending to centralize or decentralize camera storytelling. This paper is not arguing about treating all voices—whether human or nonhuman—equally in a particular scene; instead, this paper critically points out filmmakers’ eco-conscious contribution to cinematic arts. Through an inductive qualitative approach, this paper criticizes this humanized ecological portrayal where ironically, ecocide is celebrated in mainstream cinema. So, this study prescribes the incorporation of ecologized humanity by reconsidering camera positions. As social justice pedagogy highlights inclusivity, like literary studies, in filmmaking techniques, ecology should not be a victim or margin the way it was with class, gender, and race. Undeniably, the environment has been filmed mainly as a background or collateral damage. This paper also shares insights into such paradoxes where human protagonists are seen on a ‘heroic’ voyage to save the world performing ecological catastrophic actions.
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