General communication strategy for control of distributed energy resources in smart grids via international standards

Distributed energy resources (DERs) of Smart Grids should actively participate in the control of grid state variables frequency and voltage through their interfaces, namely inverters. As these DERs are joining the existing conventional power systems, they must follow the existing grid control. However, standard communication between utilities and consumers who own these DERs is needed for the grid control of state variables and for the exchange of power as well. Therefore, a general strategy is proposed depending on the UCTE grid control and international communication standards, such as IEC 61850, IEC 60870-5-104 and IEEE P1815. Hence, photovoltaic systems connected with batteries are proposed in order to simulate two grids. Then, logical nodes needed for primary and secondary grid control are adopted from the IEC 61850, which ensures interoperability. For communication, the standard legacy SCADA protocols IEC 60870-5-104 and IEEE P1815 are proposed, which introduce standard communication mechanism.