主体有多主观?重新审视汉语普通话的语法关系

Anna Morbiato
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文结合近年来世界范围内大规模的语法关系类型学研究成果,对汉语语法关系问题进行了重新审视。具体来说,它讨论了三种与语法关系定义跨语言相关的句法操作和结构,即相对化、反身化和量词浮动。该研究采用严格的语言内部类型学方法,并利用自然语言数据或由母语人士检查的句子。本文的目的有两个:首先,它探讨了一个假设,即汉语普通话与其他语言一样,具有结构特异性。其次,它提出了一种替代方法,能够解释在普通话中关于GRs和主体性的文献中经常指出的相互矛盾的证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How Subjective Is the Subject? A Fresh Look at Grammatical Relations in Mandarin Chinese
This article re-examines the issue of grammatical relations in Mandarin Chinese in light of the results of recent large-scale typological research on grammatical relations (henceforth GRs) worldwide. Specifically, it discusses three syntactic operations and constructions that are cross-linguistically relevant to the definition of grammatical relations, namely relativisation, reflexivisation, and quantifier float. The study adopts a strictly language-internal typological approach and avails itself of natural linguistic data or sentences sanity-checked by native speakers. The aim of this paper is twofold: first, it explores the hypothesis that, in line with various other languages, GRs in Mandarin Chinese are construction-specific. Second, it proposes an alternative approach capable of explaining the conflicting evidence often pointed out in the literature on GRs and subjecthood in Mandarin Chinese.
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