Aging, Calorie Restriction and Calorie Restriction Mimetics

In line with the increase in the number of older people in the world, the focus of scientists is directed at examining mechanisms of the aging process as well as establishing strategies/interventions in order to slow down aging and achieve longevity. On preclinical testing models, the most effective strategy for this purpose, as well as for the purpose of delaying age-related diseases, nutritional interventionrestriction of calorie (CR) has been demonstrated, but also some alternative forms of calorie restriction. Possible undesirable effects of restriction are still in the testing phase, and it is known that it is generally difficult to implement in humans. Therefore, the new area of research in gerontology has become the discovery and examination of the effects of compounds that mimic the effects of caloric restriction, so called caloric restriction mimetics (CRM). These compounds include numerous compounds of natural origin but also approved medicaments with certain indications. This overview summarizes the latest data on known mechanisms of caloric restriction and more familiar caloric restriction mimetics.