{"title":"基于Gödel蕴涵的3值逻辑证明系统","authors":"A. Avron","doi":"10.1093/JIGPAL/JZAB013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n The logic $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$ was introduced in Robles and Mendéz (2014, Logic Journal of the IGPL, 22, 515–538) as a paraconsistent logic which is based on Gödel’s 3-valued matrix, except that Kleene–Łukasiewicz’s negation is added to the language and is used as the main negation connective. We show that $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$ is exactly the intersection of $G3^{\\{1\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\\{1,0.5\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$, the two truth-preserving 3-valued logics which are based on the same truth tables. (In $G3^{\\{1\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$ the set ${\\cal D}$ of designated elements is $\\{1\\}$, while in $G3^{\\{1,0.5\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$ ${\\cal D}=\\{1,0.5\\}$.) We then construct a Hilbert-type system which has (MP) for $\\to $ as its sole rule of inference, and is strongly sound and complete for $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$. Then we show how, by adding one axiom (in the case of $G3^{\\{1\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$) or one new rule of inference (in the case of $G3^{\\{1,0.5\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$), we get strongly sound and complete systems for $G3^{\\{1\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\\{1,0.5\\}}_{{{}^{\\scriptsize{-}}}\\!\\!\\textrm{L}}$. Finally, we provide quasi-canonical Gentzen-type systems which are sound and complete for those logics and show that they are all analytic, by proving the cut-elimination theorem for them.","PeriodicalId":304915,"journal":{"name":"Log. J. IGPL","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Proof Systems for 3-valued Logics Based on Gödel's Implication\",\"authors\":\"A. Avron\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/JIGPAL/JZAB013\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n The logic $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$ was introduced in Robles and Mendéz (2014, Logic Journal of the IGPL, 22, 515–538) as a paraconsistent logic which is based on Gödel’s 3-valued matrix, except that Kleene–Łukasiewicz’s negation is added to the language and is used as the main negation connective. We show that $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$ is exactly the intersection of $G3^{\\\\{1\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\\\\{1,0.5\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$, the two truth-preserving 3-valued logics which are based on the same truth tables. (In $G3^{\\\\{1\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$ the set ${\\\\cal D}$ of designated elements is $\\\\{1\\\\}$, while in $G3^{\\\\{1,0.5\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$ ${\\\\cal D}=\\\\{1,0.5\\\\}$.) We then construct a Hilbert-type system which has (MP) for $\\\\to $ as its sole rule of inference, and is strongly sound and complete for $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$. Then we show how, by adding one axiom (in the case of $G3^{\\\\{1\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$) or one new rule of inference (in the case of $G3^{\\\\{1,0.5\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$), we get strongly sound and complete systems for $G3^{\\\\{1\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\\\\{1,0.5\\\\}}_{{{}^{\\\\scriptsize{-}}}\\\\!\\\\!\\\\textrm{L}}$. Finally, we provide quasi-canonical Gentzen-type systems which are sound and complete for those logics and show that they are all analytic, by proving the cut-elimination theorem for them.\",\"PeriodicalId\":304915,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Log. J. IGPL\",\"volume\":\"94 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-02-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Log. J. IGPL\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/JIGPAL/JZAB013\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Log. J. IGPL","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/JIGPAL/JZAB013","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Proof Systems for 3-valued Logics Based on Gödel's Implication
The logic $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ was introduced in Robles and Mendéz (2014, Logic Journal of the IGPL, 22, 515–538) as a paraconsistent logic which is based on Gödel’s 3-valued matrix, except that Kleene–Łukasiewicz’s negation is added to the language and is used as the main negation connective. We show that $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ is exactly the intersection of $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$, the two truth-preserving 3-valued logics which are based on the same truth tables. (In $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ the set ${\cal D}$ of designated elements is $\{1\}$, while in $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ ${\cal D}=\{1,0.5\}$.) We then construct a Hilbert-type system which has (MP) for $\to $ as its sole rule of inference, and is strongly sound and complete for $G3^{<}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$. Then we show how, by adding one axiom (in the case of $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$) or one new rule of inference (in the case of $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$), we get strongly sound and complete systems for $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$. Finally, we provide quasi-canonical Gentzen-type systems which are sound and complete for those logics and show that they are all analytic, by proving the cut-elimination theorem for them.