在法庭上

L. Holmstrom, A. W. Burgess
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For what?] Michelle: You haven’t quite got the abstract straight: you leave out methods, you don’t indicate your findings/results—which holds good even for qualitative papers like yours—and you mention that you discuss implications without even indicating for which field or process these implications hold good. Also, the formatting here is unfortunate—you needed to go back into Word after it went through and autocorrected everything and switch the uppercase letters at the beginning of each line into lower case. This looks a bit like poetry as a consequence of how it’s set up and makes it very difficult to read the first sentence in particular. Grade: C] INTRODUCTION The relationship between law and psychology has long been an issue of great deliberation and endless research, and with good reason. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究将重点放在悬空陪审团上,作为比较陪审员决定的价值是否超过律师与陪审团沟通的有效性的一种手段。[我认为这并没有像你想的那样,因为你在这里声称陪审团的决定是独立于起诉或辩护律师提出的案件的,这在美国的司法体系中是不可能的。]美国诉Menedez案和美国诉Nururdin案被拿来与当前的社会心理学研究作比较,[太模糊了——什么类型的研究:博弈论?归因理论?怎么啦?]并对其影响进行了讨论。[这是一个模板,你需要在这里说:什么是含义?为了什么?米歇尔:你没有把摘要弄清楚:你省略了方法,你没有指出你的发现/结果——即使像你这样的定性论文也适用——你提到了你讨论的含义,甚至没有指出这些含义适用于哪个领域或哪个过程。此外,这里的格式也很糟糕——你需要在Word检查完并自动更正所有内容后再回到Word,并将每行开头的大写字母换成小写字母。这看起来有点像诗歌,因为它的结构使得它很难阅读,尤其是第一句话。长期以来,法律与心理学的关系一直是一个经过深思熟虑和无休止研究的问题,这是有充分理由的。对法律和心理诉讼程序的研究是极其重要的,因为法院作出的裁决往往在判决后的数年内对个人和社会的生活产生持久而深远的影响。由于这些决定通常是由陪审团投票决定的,因此很容易理解为什么围绕陪审团动态的现象是法律和心理学领域最广泛研究的主题之一。但为了达成裁决,陪审团不能让其成员随心所欲地投票——必须一致投票,否则结果将是一个悬而未决的陪审团。如果有不一致之处[好词,但它在这里的意思是模糊的:这就是说,如果在证据的呈现方式上缺乏一致之处-但在什么之间?是两个律师还是两个团队?在陪审员们商议之后?此外,我不确定“discordance”是“discord”的合适衍生词(我在字典里找不到它,这没有多大意义);通常的形式是“不和谐”(discord)或“不一致”(discordant)。律师在法庭上出示证据的方式可能导致陪审团意见不一致。一个悬而未决的陪审团体现了分歧,律师希望陪审员们达成一致。在本研究中,影响陪审团决定的心理因素将在上下文中进行讨论,以及根据现有文献,导致陪审团赞成或不赞成某一案件的可能因素。[整个研究的重点句的很好的表述-]这项研究将运用社会分析理论来做到这一点,从先前的社会心理学研究中获取元素[这是你在摘要中需要指出的],并将其作为标准来比较某些案件与悬案陪审团。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
In the Courtroom
This study focuses on hung juries as a means of comparing Whether or not the merit of juror decisions outweighs How effectively an attorney communicates with the jury.[I think this hasn’t come out the way you intended it to, since you’re claiming here that jury decisions are independent of the cases presented by either prosecuting or defending counsel, impossible in the U.S. system of justice.] The cases of the U.S. vs. Menedez and the U.S. vs. Nururdin are compared to current social psychological Research, [too vague—what kinds of research: game theory? Attribution theory? What?] and the implications are discussed.[this is a template for what you needed to say here: what are the implications? For what?] Michelle: You haven’t quite got the abstract straight: you leave out methods, you don’t indicate your findings/results—which holds good even for qualitative papers like yours—and you mention that you discuss implications without even indicating for which field or process these implications hold good. Also, the formatting here is unfortunate—you needed to go back into Word after it went through and autocorrected everything and switch the uppercase letters at the beginning of each line into lower case. This looks a bit like poetry as a consequence of how it’s set up and makes it very difficult to read the first sentence in particular. Grade: C] INTRODUCTION The relationship between law and psychology has long been an issue of great deliberation and endless research, and with good reason. The study of legal and psychological proceedings is extremely important, for rulings made in a court of law often produce long-lasting and far-reaching effects on the lives of individuals and society for years after they are decided. As these decisions are usually ordained by jury vote, it is easy to see why phenomena surrounding jury dynamics are among the most widely researched topics in realms of law and psychology. But in order to reach a verdict, a jury cannot have its members voting any way they please—it must vote unanimously, or the result will be a hung jury. If there is discordance [nice word—but its meaning here is foggy: this is saying that if there is a lack of agreement in the way evidence is presented—but between what? The two attorneys or teams? Among jurors deliberating afterward? Also, I’m not sure “discordance” is a proper derivative of “discord” (I can’t find it in my dictionary, which doesn’t mean much); the usual form is “discord” or “discordant”] in the way evidence is presented by an attorney in court, a hung jury may result. A hung jury exemplifies disagreement, and attorneys want the jurors to agree. In this study, the psychological factors which affect jury decisions will be discussed in context, as well as possible factors leading the jury to favor or not favor a certain case, according to available literature. [Pretty good formulation of your point sentence for the entire study--] This study will employ the theory of socioanalysis to do this, taking elements from prior research in social psychology [this was what you needed to indicate in your abstract] and using it as criteria to compare certain cases with hung juries.
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