小学生非建设性行为的心理与教学预防与矫正

E. Kochneva, D. Zaytseva, Lutfiia Alimirzoeva
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摘要

本文提供了对小学生非建设性行为形式研究的理论分析数据。在过去的几年里,国内外科学家注意到学校环境中攻击性倾向的表现显著增加。对科学心理学和教育学文献的分析表明,大多数关于攻击性和攻击性的研究,教育环境中的暴力表现都是针对青少年的。如果说早期的攻击性是青春期的特征,那么目前的攻击性表现已经与小学年龄的学生相关。理论和应用研究的问题领域及其相关性是由以下两方面的矛盾决定的:(a)一方面,国家层面表明社会需要对儿童进行公民和精神道德教育,另一方面,对非建设性形式小学行为的心理和教学预防和纠正问题的理论和技术发展不足;(b)培养公民意识、精神意识和道德意识的要求及其在教育系统中的科学和方法支持水平;(c)制定有效的心理和教学预防和纠正小学生非建设性行为形式方案的可能性及其在实践中的实施。心理学研究的目的是发展内容的理论和方法基础,以及引入低年级学生非建设性行为的心理和教学预防和纠正模式的实践方法。在理论和实证研究部分,作者采用了定性和定量相结合的研究方法。综合方法可以设计和测试心理和教学预防和纠正低年级学生非建设性行为形式的模型。本文介绍了研究的搜索-理论阶段的结果,研究对象是一年级学生(58人),他们的父母和老师。所进行的理论和实证研究可以概括国内外科学家对攻击性表现和攻击性问题的知名研究项目。制定一项方案,诊断儿童学校团体中攻击性、攻击性和暴力表现的形式和原因;对低年级学生个体心理特征(自尊、焦虑和危急情况下的行为反应)的严重程度进行初步诊断,这些心理特征会导致初中生行为库中的攻击反应
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychological and pedagogical prevention and correction of non constructive forms of behavior of primary schoolchildren
The article provides data from a theoretical analysis of studies of non-constructive forms of behavior of schoolchildren. Over the past few years, domestic and foreign scientists have noted a significant increase in the manifestation of aggressive tendencies in the school environment. An analysis of scientific psychological and pedagogical literature shows that most studies on aggressiveness and aggression, manifestations of violence in the educational environment are devoted to adolescence. If earlier aggressiveness was a characteristic feature of adolescence, then at present manifestations of aggressiveness are becoming relevant already for pupils of primary school age. The problematic field of theoretical and applied research and its relevance is determined by the contradictions between: (a) the need of society indicated at the state level for the implementation of civil and spiritual and moral education of children, on the one hand, and insufficient theoretical and technological development of the problem of psychological and pedagogical prevention and correction of non-constructive forms elementary school behavior; (b) requirements for the formation of civil and spiritual and moral consciousness and the level of its scientific and methodological support in the education system; (c) the possibilities of developing an effective program of psychological and pedagogical prevention and correction of non-constructive forms of behavior of primary schoolchildren and its implementation in practice. The purpose of the psychological research is to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations of the content and practical ways of introducing a model of psychological and pedagogical prevention and correction of non-constructive forms of behavior in younger students. In the theoretical and empirical part of the study, the authors use an integrated methodology, qualitative and quantitative research methods. An integrated approach makes it possible to design and test a model of psychological and pedagogical prevention and correction of non-constructive forms of behavior in younger students. This article presents the results of the search-theoretical stage of the study, which included first grade students (58 people), their parents and teachers. The conducted theoretical and empirical research allowed to generalize well-known research projects on the problem of manifestation of aggression and aggressiveness, which were carried out by domestic and foreign scientists. Develop a program for diagnosing the forms and causes of the manifestation of aggression, aggressiveness and violence in children's school groups; to conduct a primary diagnosis of the severity of individual psychological characteristics of younger students (self-esteem, anxiety and behavioral reactions in critical situations), which cause aggressive reactions in the behavioral repertoire of junior schoolchild
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