基于多核电厂经验反馈管理的核安全管理研究

Shuang Zhang, Sun Xiaoyan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

核电厂经验反馈管理包括事件报告、筛选、分析、纠正措施管理和评估。在中国核电发展初期,经验反馈是基于单个核电站进行的。经过多年的发展,核电站数量逐年增加,服务多核电站(多厂)的机构制定多厂经验反馈管理制度,提高事件管理质量,降低事件重复发生概率,推广良好做法,有效开展经验反馈工作,减少重复事件的影响,不断提高核安全质量管理水平。把经验反馈的实施和有效性评估作为核安全管理的重点。通过对核安全领域——运行人员管理的经验反馈评估,发现了核安全管理的脆弱性,包括运行人员知识不足、操作不规范、操作人员对核安全相关设备监控不到位等。建议采取以下措施:完善作业人员的上岗培训大纲,定期开展机械、电气、仪表等专业知识培训;制定工作标准化专项检查计划,将专项检查纳入任务监督体系,实行跟踪管理;建立核安全问题关键设备缺陷跟踪流程,确保核安全问题跟踪的及时性和有效性。本文主要从多厂经验反馈组织、信息系统、程序管理和核安全指标等方面进行研究,以优化核安全管理,防止核安全水平下降。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Study on Nuclear Safety Management Based on Multiple Nuclear Power Plants Experience Feedback Management
Nuclear power plant experience feedback management includes event reporting, screening, analysis, corrective action management and assessment. In the early stage of nuclear power development in China, experience feedback was conducted based on single nuclear power plants. After years of development, the number of nuclear power plants increases year by year, institutes serving multiple nuclear power plants (multi-plants) develop multi-plants experience feedback management system, to improve event management quality, reduce events recurring probability, promote good practice, carry out experience feedback work effectively, reduce the impact of repeated events, continuously improve nuclear safety quality management level, take the implementation of experience feedback and the assessment of its effectiveness as a priority of nuclear safety management. According to the experience feedback assessment of nuclear safety field - operations personnel management, the vulnerabilities of in nuclear safety management have been identified, including insufficient knowledge and substandard operation by operations personnel, and inadequate monitoring of nuclear safety related equipment by operators. The following measures are recommended: improve the on-the-job training outline of operations personnel, and regularly carry out professional knowledge training of machinery, electrical, instrumentation, etc; formulate a special inspection plan for work standardization, and incorporate the special inspection into the task supervision system for tracking management; establish a tracking process for key equipment defects in nuclear safety issues to ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of tracking nuclear safety issues. This article mainly focuses on multi-plants experience feedback organization, information system, program management and nuclear safety indicators, in order to optimize nuclear safety management and prevent the degradation of nuclear safety level.
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