Coordinated, distributed, formal energy management of chip multiprocessors

Designers are moving toward chip-multiprocessors (CMPs) to leverage application parallelism for higher performance while keeping design complexity under control. However, to date, no power management techniques have been proposed for coordinated power control of multiple processor cores. In this paper, we illustrate how the use of local, per-tile dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) techniques can result in tiles counteracting each others' power management policies, significantly hurting chip power-performance. We then propose a coordinated DVFS scheme for CMPs, which eliminates the oscillations and ensures efficient and resilient DVFS control. Specifically, our proposed technique incorporates thread information collected at runtime across the chip. In addition, by extending a control-theoretic local DVFS control technique toward DVFS for chip-multiprocessors, our technique prescribes DVFS settings formally at each tile, thus ensuring stable, distributed, coordinated DVFS control of a CMP. Experimental results show that our technique achieves a 15.5% improvement in energy-delay product over a CMP with no DVFS control, and a 1% improvement in energy-delay product against the latest state-of-the-art local DVFS scheme.