通过戈雅一家的生活透视共产主义罗马尼亚山区农村的形象

Tudor Mureșan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

社会历史,特别是在20世纪50年代和60年代发展起来的一个领域,即使在今天也代表着一座桥梁,连接着事实、客观的历史和以主观性和情感为标志的个人生活。本文从两个方面开始:分析一个令人记忆的地方- -即一个乡村商店- -以及分别对居住在罗马尼亚阿尔巴县拜亚德阿里乌涅姆的一位老妇人Delia Gligor夫人的一次采访。这两个元素一起提供了20世纪Vidra de Sus村历史的揭示性概述,以及罗马尼亚近100年来的政治制度。Vidra de Sus是阿尔巴县的一个山村,现在被称为Avram Iancu。从这个角度来看,人们可以注意到政治政权变化一方面对一个家庭,另一方面对整个Vidra de Sus社区所产生的影响程度。20世纪初,这家人开了一家商店,在社会和物质上都从村里的等级制度中向富裕阶层迈进。然而,随着共产主义政权的到来,他们的主要收入来源——商店被没收,取而代之的是一个邮局,这导致前店主们各自寻找其他职业来生存。最后,1989年结束了共产主义政权,但并没有结束Goia一家所经历的困难——从那一刻起,他们不得不为重新获得以前的财产而斗争,以便在近50年后重新过上平静的生活。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Imaginea spațiului rural montan în România comunistă văzut prin lentila vieții familiei Goia
Social history, a field that developed especially in the 1950s and 1960s, represents even today a bridge between factual, objective history and the lives of individuals, marked by subjectivity and affectivity. The present article starts from two elements: the analysis of a place of memory – namely a village shop – and, respectively, of an interview granted to Mrs. Delia Gligor, an elderly lady living in Baia de Arieș, Alba County, Romania. Together, these two elements provide a revealing overview of the history of Vidra de Sus village during the 20th century, but also of the political regimes that marked Romania over a period of almost 100 years. Vidra de Sus is a mountain village in Alba County, now known as Avram Iancu. From this perspective, one can note the extent of the impact exerted by the political regime changes, on the one hand, on a family, and on the other hand, on the entire community of Vidra de Sus. At the beginning of the 20th century this family advanced socially and materially on the village hierarchy towards the wealthier categories, by opening a shop. With the communist regime, however, their main source of income, the shop, was confiscated and replaced by a post office, which has led the former owners to each look for other occupations to sur‑ vive. Finally, the year 1989 puts an end to the communist regime, but not to the difficulties that the Goia family was going through – from this moment they had to fight to regain their former properties so that they can lead once more, after almost 50 years, a quiet life.
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