Ocular Damage in Craniofacial-Orbital Trauma: About 170 Cases

Background: Ocular trauma represents an important part of the pathology observed in ophthalmologic emergencies, since it represents about 20% of the reasons for consultation. Ocular damage in cranio-orbital trauma is frequent and constitutes a major but avoidable cause of acquired monocular blindness and poor vision in adults.Thus, the aim of this work is to study the epidemiologic, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this clinical entity. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims; retrospective over 3 years (January 1, 2019 to June 1, 2022) on 170 files of patients admitted to the ophthalmological emergency department, hospital 20 August 1953 of Casablanca, Morocco, for craniofacial trauma with orbito-ocular damage. Results: The frequency of ocular involvement was 38.6%. The average age was 27.95 years, with a male predominance (72.3%). Lesions of the anterior segment were more frequent than those of the posterior segment (16.5% versus 4.8%). The prognosis was much better in patients with closed globe trauma (96% without sequelae). Despite this, patients may still have anatomical and functional sequelae. Conclusion: Cranio-facial-orbital trauma is a public health problem in our context and affects mainly young people. It is urgent to strengthen prevention actions at various levels.