Effectiveness of a school-based comprehensive intervention on abnormal body posture of adolescents

Objective The purpose of this study is to explore a school-based comprehensive intervention for abnormal body posture in adolescents. Methods The study recruited from 3 senior high schools in Xicheng District of Beijing using random clustering method and randomly divided them into intervention group ( n = 213) and control group ( n = 227). The intervention group adopted a comprehensive intervention program for 16 weeks, while the control group maintained normal teaching plan. The comprehensive intervention included distributing booklet regarding body posture, health lectures and corrective exercise in physical classes. Before and after the intervention, forward head posture, shoulder asymmetry, rounded shoulder and sagittal angles of spine of subjects were evaluated. Results After 16 weeks intervention, shoulder asymmetry [boys(0.98±0.52) (0.70±0.44) cm; girls (1.00±0.67) (0.72土 0.44) cm], forward head posture [boys (8.24±2.71)(4.73±2.99) cm; girls (9.14±2.56) (4.39±2.34) cm] and the differences of distance between left and right inferior angel of scapula and spine [boys (0.41±0.39) (0.28±0.30) cm; girls (0.52±0.38) (0.28±0.19) cm] of the intervention group were significantly improved ( t = 2.33, 3.07, 9.80, 11.51, 2.36, 4.61, P <0.05). The proportion of normal thoracic kyphosis angle and lumbar lordosis angle increased in girls of intervention group (63.4%, 95.7%), while these proportion decreased in boys of intervention group (74.2%, 65.0%). Conclusion School-based intervention including health education and exercise shows effectiveness on abnormal body posture in adolescents, which is recommended school. 【摘要】 目的 探索依托学校进行青少年异常体态的综合干预措施有效性, 为广泛开展青少年姿态纠正提供实证基础。 方法  在北京市西城区3所高中学校采取整群抽样的方式, 每所学校各抽取4个高一班级并随机分成实验组 (213名) 和 对照组(227名) 。实验组采用统一的综合干预方案, 进行1个学期共16周的包括发放身体姿态科普读物、健康讲座和体 育课中练习的综合干预;对照组维持正常的教学秩序。干预前后测试受试者颈部前伸、高低肩、肩胛骨前伸和脊柱矢状面 异常的情况。 结果 干预后, 实验组左右两侧肩峰差值[男生 (0.98±0.52)(0.70±0.44)削, 女生 (1.00±0.67)(0.72±0.44) cm]、颈部前伸幅度[男生 (8.24±2.71)(4.73±2.99)削, 女生 (9.14±2.56)(4.39±2.34)削]、左右两侧肩胛下角到脊柱之间 距离的差值[男生 (0.41±0.39)(0.28±0.30)削, 女生 (0.52±0.38)(0.28±0.19)削]均显著减小 ( t 值分别为 2.33,3.07,9.80, 11.51, 2.36,4.61, P 值均<0.05), 实验组女生胸椎后凸角正常的比例升高 (63.4%, 95.7%)。但实验组男生在干预后胸椎后 凸角正常的占比略有降低(74.2%, 65.0%)。 结论 从健康教育以及锻炼方面对学生身体姿态异常进行干预, 对改善学生 高低肩、颈部前伸、驼背有较好的效果, 可以基于学校环境予以推广。