Urinary stones: Medical dissolution and monitoring

Surgical management is the cornerstone of urolithiasis treatment, but since prevention is better than treatment, we need to explore other measures for treating and especially for monitoring patients before recurrence. Several laboratory studies have performed testing of experimental treatments to reduce kidney stone formation and cellular damage and showed encouraging results. A few prospective and randomized studies proved the efficacy and safety of oral chemolysis for radiolucent stones. The purpose of this review is to present the most recent data regarding dissolution therapy and ways of monitoring stone patients.