Investigations on the Effect on Micro Strip Patch Antennas Using Shaped Slots

Since the Federal Communication Committee has announced a range of frequencies from 3.10GHz to 10.60GHz constituting a bandwidth of 7.5GHz, Ultra wideband technology (UWB) is move ahead quickly as a high data rate technology for wireless communication. The effect of combining different geometrical patches derived from a basic rectangular patch antenna for wireless communications, GPS technology, satellite communication and air-craft applications are presented here. The antenna proposed is designed in FR-4 substrate which has 1.6 mm thick and permittivity of 4.4. The size of the substrate is 37.9mm × 47.63mm × 1.6mm. The antennas are simulated with ANSYS HFSS, the 3D electromagnetic (EM) simulation tool for radio frequency and fast electronic components. The impact on return loss and band width as a result of imperfections on patch can be observed from the obtained results. Introducing slots, defects on ground plane, making irregularities on patch shapes causes a wide variation in antenna parameters. It is clear that an increase in band width and reduction in return loss is obtained by combining the different shaped geometrical patches.