IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF OIL PREPARATION AND REFINING PROCESSES

The main technologies of preparation, transportation of oil and processing of various petroleum raw materials are considered from the point of view of ways of their improvement, energy saving, efficiency improvement due to the preparation of raw materials, optimization of flow heat recovery schemes, improvement of hardware design, etc. Today, the issue of improving the environmental and economic components in the petrochemical industry is acute. In oil fields, special attention should be paid to improving the efficiency of oil treatment. It is necessary to maximize the use of available reserves, to reduce the losses of petroleum products that may occur during the extraction, processing and transportation of oil. Statistics show that up to 9% of the total mass of petroleum products is lost per year during delivery to the consumer, pumping of the substance and processing of crude oil. The substance is reduced as a result of evaporation, while not only the mass is lost, but also important components of the substance, which are raw materials for petrochemical industries. During fuel processing, losses of light hydrocarbons are observed, they occur during various kinds of discharge operations, as well as during permanent storage of oil in one position. To optimize the processes of the oil refining industry, it is necessary to ensure less loss of substance in operation. Increasing the efficiency of the use of oil in the process of its processing is necessary, as this will allow selecting the best oil products. Efficiency can be improved by replacing old equipment with new ones or by overhauling old installations. However, at the moment, the replacement of equipment at all enterprises is simply impossible due to the lack of working capital. Keywords: modernization, energy carriers, heat exchange, recovery, energy efficiency, technologies, reactors, furnaces, heat exchangers