区域一体化

M. Jansen, S. Klotz, J. Virdee
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引用次数: 1

摘要

随着运输技术、生产技术和贸易规则的发展,贸易的性质和范围随着时间的推移而发生变化。正如Goldstein和van Lieshout在本手册第7章中简要讨论的那样,从历史的角度来看,目前支配世界贸易的多边贸易规则是一个相对较新的现象。2017年是关税及贸易总协定成立70周年。在关贸总协定存在之前,国际贸易主要是由数量有限的参与者之间的双边条约和殖民主义造成的权力关系所支配的。第二次世界大战后全球权力关系的转变为一套新的贸易规则打开了大门,这些规则最终具有多边性质。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Regional Integration
The nature and extent of trade has changed over time as transport technologies, production technologies and the rules of trade have evolved. As briefly discussed by Goldstein and van Lieshout in Chapter 7 of this Handbook, the multilateral trade rules currently governing world trade are a relatively recent phenomenon from a historical perspective. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) celebrated its 70th anniversary in 2017. Before the existence of the GATT, international trade was largely governed by bilateral treaties among a limited numbers of players and by power relationships resulting from colonialism. The shift in global power relationships in the aftermath of World War II opened the door for a new set of rules for trade that ended up being multilateral in nature.
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