The Renal Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors

Sodium–glucose co-transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) have recently gained a lot of emphasis in their role in preventing progression of chronic kidney disease and helping with cardiac mortality. Various studies have proven the benefit of these medications in the management of patients with kidney and heart disease. SGLT2i exert their effect in the proximal convoluted tubule with various downstream effects noted in the kidney also. With spreading use of these medications, it is imperative to understand the effects they have on various electrolytes and the pathways involved in bringing about these changes in the kidney. Here, the authors review the current knowledge of SGLT2i with their effects on the kidney, electrolytes, and water balance.