软法作为支配法

S. Schwarcz
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引用次数: 6

摘要

国际商业交易越来越多地在“软法”下进行——“软法”指的是非国家规则,这些规则可能是理想的,或反映了最佳实践,但尚未具有法律效力。在某种程度上,这种转变反映了跨境条约制定的减少,这需要广泛的共识,并且需要进行漫长的谈判。然而,软法律缺乏可执行性,造成了不确定性,破坏了可预测性。为了增加可预见性,本文主张创新地使用软法:作为一套规则选择作为管理商业合同的“法律”。这种软法的使用将具有变革性,使软法对缔约各方具有可执行性,并为条约制定提供一种灵活和实际的替代办法。本文分析了当事人是否有权选择软法作为其适用的法律,并对仅采用软法作为其适用的法律进行了比较。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Soft Law as Governing Law
International business transactions increasingly are being conducted under “soft law”—a term referring to non-state rules that may be aspirational or reflect best practices but are not yet legally enforceable. In part, this shift reflects a decline in cross-border treaty-making, which needs widespread consensus and is subject to lengthy negotiations. Soft law’s lack of enforceability, however, is creating uncertainty and undermining predictability. To increase predictability, this Article argues for an innovative use of soft law: as a set of rules to choose as the governing “law” of business contracts. This use of soft law would be transformational, making the soft law enforceable against the contracting parties and providing a flexible and practical alternative to treaty-making. The Article analyzes whether parties should have the right to choose soft law as governing law, and also compares the alternative of incorporating soft law only by reference.
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