A Synopsis of 3D Printing and Robotics Applications in Construction

One of the difficulties hindering the application of 3D printing technology in construction is related to the versatility of materials and components used to produce a building or other structure. The prospect of using this technology is further complicated by the sheer size of the edifices to be constructed. While 3D printing a mechanical component can now be done in someone’s basement with affordable and readily available equipment, applying the same technology to produce large structures and building components is a challenge. In recent years, researchers have been working towards overcoming this challenge by trying to develop new construction materials and methods that would be more suitable for the application of 3D printing technology. One of the approaches that can be considered is the combination of robotics technology with 3D printing to automate construction activities. The use of robots in construction has been proposed long before 3D printing became possible or known but never gained widespread construction site usage, mainly because of the difficulty associated with the automation of most construction tasks. However, the combination of 3D printing with robotics may be the way to change that. In this paper, the authors examine the suitability of 3D printing in a number of construction tasks and present ideas that modify established construction methods to make them more suitable for automation. The authors then examine how the introduction of robotics in conjunction with 3D printing to the construction site may make it possible to automate a number of construction tasks. Some of the benefits of such automation include lower safety risks, improved control over construction schedules, more economical construction, and a better ability to build in remote areas and challenging environments.