水稻假黑穗病的防治研究进展

M. Baite, M. Khokhar, R. Meena
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引用次数: 10

摘要

水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是发展中国家最重要的粮食作物。在假黑穗病的生物胁迫中,一种新出现的由黑穗病菌引起的疾病。这种病降低了稻米的质量和数量。这种病原体产生对动物和人类有害的真菌毒素。在高湿(80%以上)、温度25 ~ 30℃、晚播、土壤肥力高、施氮量大等有利环境条件下,病害严重。它已成为水稻的一种主要病害,并根据作物生长期的天气条件和基因型造成不同的产量损失。因此,有效、简便、实用的病害管理方法是农民关心的首要问题。由于对假黑穗病没有单一有效的管理策略,我们讨论了根据农民的经济状况和采用能力可提供的潜在管理选择。从植物病理学家的角度来看,为了农业和人类的可持续发展,应该提倡文化、生物和使用抗性品种等生态友好的疾病管理方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Management of False Smut Disease of Rice: A Review
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop of the developing world. Among the biotic stresses of false smut is an emerging disease caused by Ustilaginoidea virens. The disease reduces both the quality and quantity of rice. The pathogen produces mycotoxins that are harmful to animals and humans. The disease is severe when favorable environmental conditions like high humidity (more than 80%) and temperature ranging from 25 to 30°C, late sowing and high soil fertility as well as using high amount of nitrogen. It has gained the status of a major disease of rice and causing varying yield loss depending on the weather conditions during the crop-growing period and the genotypes. Therefore, the primary concern of the farmers is the disease management methods, which are effective, simple and practical. Since, there is no single effective management strategy for false smut, we have discussed about the potential management options available depending upon the economic status and adoption capacity of the farmers. In the Plant Pathologists point of view, eco-friendly methods of disease management like cultural, biological and use of resistant variety should be advocated for sustainability of agriculture and human being.
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