当今女学生面临的医疗和社会生殖健康问题

JuV Solovyova
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引用次数: 2

摘要

保护女学生的生殖健康是现代社会的一项全球优先事项,这往往取决于许多因素,这些因素或多或少与对这一问题的认识不足有关。这项研究的目的是评估影响学龄女童生殖健康的因素。在莫斯科对100名15至18岁的女孩进行了在线问卷调查,目的是发现生殖健康问题。初潮的平均年龄为12.3±1.2岁,女生中有10岁初潮的占10%,有14岁以后初潮的占7%。21%的女学生在经期之间出现出血,44%的女学生出现盆腔疼痛;81%有剧烈疼痛。经期前及经期易激惹、攻击性、易哭、快速疲劳和昏厥的发生率为98%;73%的人出现肿胀、体重增加、腹胀、便秘、腹泻、乳房胀大和疼痛;头痛、眩晕、恶心、呕吐、失眠、对气味和声音的敏感性增加了50%;21%的人报告有高血压、心脏相关疼痛、心率加快、惊恐发作;16%的学龄女童出现月经紊乱。研究表明,60%的女学生对生殖健康有中等认识,28%的女学生对生殖健康有高度认识,12%的女学生对生殖健康认识不足。女学生对生殖健康问题的认识不足是一项重大的医学和社会挑战,会对女学生的生殖健康产生负面影响,不仅造成各种生殖系统障碍,而且在以后的生活中造成生殖功能丧失甚至不育。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Medical and social reproductive health issues faced by today's schoolgirls
Protection of the schoolgirls' reproductive health that often depends on many factors, one way or another associated with low awareness of the issue, is a global priority in modern society. The study was aimed to assess the factors that affect reproductive health of the school-age girls. An online questionnaire survey of 100 girls aged 15–18 aimed at detecting reproductive health problems was carried out in Moscow. The average age of menarche was 12.3 ± 1.2 years, however, there were girls, who had menarche at the age of 10 years (10%), and those, who had menarche after the age of 14 (7%), among schoolgirls. Blood spotting between periods was observed in 21% and pelvic pain in 44% of schoolgirls; 81% had severe pain. Irritability, aggression, easy crying, rapid fatigue, and faintness before and during the periods were reported by 98%; swelling, weight gain, abdominal distension, constipation, diarrhea, breast engorgement and soreness were reported by 73%; headache, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, increased sensitivity to smell and sound were noted by 50%; high blood pressure, heart-related pain, increased heart rate, panic attacks were reported by 21%; menstrual disorders were observed in 16% of school-age girls. The study showed that 60% of schoolgirls demonstrated medium awareness, 28% showed high awareness, and 12% had insufficient knowledge about reproductive health. The schoolgirls' insufficient awareness of the reproductive health-related issues is a major medical and social challenge that can negatively affect the schoolgirls' reproductive health and cause not only various reproductive system disorders, but also reproductive losses and even infertility later in life.
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