Jamming and advanced modular-based blind rendezvous algorithms for Cognitive Radio Networks

Modular-based channel hopping (CH) rendezvous algorithms can provide guaranteed rendezvous for Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) without time synchronization or Common Control Channels (i.e., blind rendezvous). Recently, the Enhanced Jump-Stay (EJS) scheme [13] has been proposed that decreases the Maximum Time To Rendezvous (MTTR) and the Expected Time To Rendezvous (ETTR) for users with a different number of channels (asymmetric). We develop a Symmetric Channel Detecting Jamming (SCDJ) attack and a novel probabilistic Asymmetric Channel Detecting Jamming (ACDJ) attack that dramatically decrease the rendezvous success rates of EJS. Our simulation results show that ACDJ significantly reduces the rendezvous probability of the asymmetric EJS scheme. We analyze the Random rendezvous scheme for the asymmetric model and show it vastly outperforms asymmetric EJS under ACDJ. We also developed the Random Enhanced Jump Stay (REJS) rendezvous that guarantees MTTR, significantly decreases the Expected Time To Rendezvous (ETTR) of EJS, and, due to the random part, appears to be resistant to channel detecting jamming attacks. REJS appears to be uniformly better than EJS with major performance improvements and significantly smaller theoretical ETTR upper-bounds and similar positive simulation results.