Phacomatoses, genetic testing for personalisation of clinical management (part 1.)

Genetically determined disorders of tissue development, which are derived from the ecto-, endo- and mesoderm and develop in the early stages of foetal life, referred to as phacomatoses, constitute a large group of diseases predisposing to development of neoplasms. Early diagnosis, including identification of mutations and clinical evaluation, enables introduction of multidisciplinary care for patients with a confirmed diagnosis. Thus, the long-term prognosis and quality of patients’ life can be improved. The most common phacomatoses include neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2 and schwannomatosis.