异常

Paul Rock
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引用次数: 22

摘要

什么是越轨行为?正如在“文化”一章中提到的,规范是针对特定社会地位的一系列预期行为。在大多数社会中,大多数人在大多数时候都遵守最重要的规范。例如,在许多校园里,穿休闲装上课是很正常的。在大多数美国学院或大学里,穿着比基尼上课可能不太正常。越轨行为并不像一些人想象的那样容易定义和确立,尤其是如果你对文化相对主义和种族中心主义很敏感的话。越轨行为是对规范的违反,通常会引起别人的反应。同样重要的是要注意,偏差并不总是坏的或消极的行为。例如,罗莎·帕克斯在公交车上拒绝从座位上站起来,最终引发了一场完整的社会运动。她唯一的行为就是离经叛道。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Deviance
WHAT IS DEVIANCE? As was mentioned in the Culture chapter, a norm is a set of expected behaviors for a given social status. In most societies, the majority of people conform to the most important norms most of the time. For example, wearing casual clothes to class is normal on many campuses. Attending class in your bikini might not be normal at most US colleges or universities. Deviance is not as easily defined and established as some might think, especially if you are sensitive to cultural relativism and ethnocentrism. Deviance is a violation of norms that typically elicits a response from someone. It is also important to note that deviance is not always a bad or negative act. For example, Rosa Parks refusing to get up from her seat on a bus eventually sparked an entire social movement. Her single act was a deviant one.
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