Проблеми формування системи порівнянних показників прибутковості підприємств країн-членів ОЕСР і України (Problems of Forming the System of Comparable Indicators of Profitability of Enterprises of OECD Member Countries and Ukraine)

The purpose of the article is to study the degree of coherence of the methods of calculating the operating profitability coefficients in the OECD countries and in Ukraine; the development of practical recommendations for the development of the system of indicators of operational profitability, suitable for comparative analysis at the international level (taking into account the specifics of domestic and international accounting practices). As a result of the study, there was a discrepancy in the names and methods of calculating the profitability of operational activities in the OECD countries and in Ukraine. Before conducting a comparative analysis of the profitability of Ukrainian and foreign enterprises, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary review of the methods of calculating the comparable indicators. Establishing a mutually unequivocal correspondence between the generally accepted international profitability ratios and the procedure for their calculation based on the reporting of National Accounting Standard of Ukraine, systematization of international and Ukrainian names will facilitate their convenient and correct application in comparative analytical work. If necessary, it is possible to use formulas expressing the functional dependence between the profitability coefficients, calculated on the basis of cost and income approaches. Traditionally, Ukrainian analysts are more likely to use cost-effectiveness (markup) indicators, while the foreign ones -- margin returns. Markup indicators always show a higher value for profitability than the margin returns. These indicators are functionally linked, so in the case of misconceptions, there is an opportunity to recalculate. Comparing the results of different companies' operations, it is necessary to take into account the specifics and scope of their activities. For example, the Berry Ratio is appropriate for analyzing distributor companies, and gross profit markup should be used in the analysis of manufacturing companies. Clarification of the advantages and disadvantages of individual profitability indicators will avoid their formal application; will contribute to a clearer and more complete explanation of the results.