Diagnosis of atheromatous Carotid Plaque: Dielectric Constant Measurement Using Microwave Resonant Technique versus Ultrasound B-mode Images

The recent years have seen a surge in interest in determining the dielectric constant of biological tissues in the microwave domain. The tissues can be classified and differentiated without radiation by using a microwave sensor. The atherosclerotic plaque of the carotid artery, which is now predominantly classified by ultrasonography and the CT scanner was not studied yet. Ultrasonography describes the level of echogenicity of the plaques, and proposes that as a representation of the plaque's composition. In this study, a microwave subwavelength resonator was employed to measure 20 carotid artery plaques and compare the results with ultrasound b-mode images. The results of the study show a correlation between the echogenicity levels and the dielectric constant of the tissues investigated. The way in which it will be evaluated in the future is how it compares to other radiological techniques.