Test Bed Development for Evaluating Extremely Fast Charging Stations

To evaluate the cyber-physical security of Extremely Fast Charging Stations and investigate its potential impact on the distribution systems, a hardware-in-the-loop-based testbed has been developed, which consists of a grid simulator, 350kW commercial EVSE unit, custom electric vehicle simulator, and RTDS. This paper describes the architecture of the test bed, testing methodology, EV simulator design, communication between EVSEs and EVs, and HIL simulation model. The full-scale test bed can serve as a multifunctional platform to facilitate various engineering studies and advanced research in a real-time manner with respect to XFC's operations, controls, and functionalities. RTDS simulation results show the potential impact of compromised 350kW charging stations on the microgrid considering grid-connected and islanded modes.