Numerical Simulation of Tsunami Evacuation Route Planning in Padang Using Linear Programming

This paper proposes an implementation of linear programming in tsunami horizontal evacuation routes decision making. A tsunami is a huge wave that travels with high speed towards a coastal area. Padang is the capital city of West Sumatera Province that is located in the coastal area as well as have a history of the tsunami disaster. The main problem is only a few minutes of the interval for the tsunami waves arrive at the coast after tsunami hazard warning. In the evacuation concept, the evacuees from the high-risk zone are moving to the shelter through a safe evacuation route. This research aims to determine the optimal evacuation routes with the constraints of a few minutes of the interval of evacuation time, the capacity of each shelter, and the number of evacuees. The evacuation time is an objective function that depends on the number of population, people density, road width, distance from the high-risk zone to the shelter, and velocity. The numerical simulation is done using linear programming with Matlab. The results show that all evacuees in each high-risk region are proportionally evacuated to available shelter areas within allocated evacuation time. The results of this research can be used for supporting tsunami evacuation plans and disaster resilience management by the authorities in Padang.