基于傅里叶积分法的MIMO声纳高分辨率二维成像

Xionghou Liu, Kun Gao, Jiansheng Tang, Chao Sun, Yixin Yang, Kuan Fan, Jiapeng Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

成像声纳的角度分辨率通常由接收水听器阵列的可获得孔径决定。当安装在小型水下平台(如水下无人潜航器、UUV和水下机器人)上时,成像声纳的孔径受到平台有限表面空间的严格约束。为了提高成像声纳的角度分辨率,而不需要更大的水下平台,我们提出了一种基于傅里叶积分法(FIM)的多输入多输出(MIMO)声纳的高分辨率二维成像方法。本文将这种方法简称为MIMO-FIM。MIMO- fim与MIMO声纳具有相同的声呐阵列结构和相同的正交发射波形。与MIMO声呐成像方法直接采集匹配滤波器的输出进行多波束处理不同,MIMO-FIM利用FIM对这些匹配滤波器的输出进行处理,以扩大虚拟阵列的孔径。然后,将FIM输出输入到波束成像器中,生成高分辨率的二维图像。因此,MIMO-FIM具有两步光圈扩展效果。首先,采用MIMO方法,利用不同正交波形对应的匹配滤波器形成大孔径虚拟阵列;其次,采用匹配的滤波器输出作为输入,通过FIM获得更大的孔径。此外,在使用FIM时,我们使用时域切片窗口来处理匹配滤波器的输出。给出了窗口宽度和相邻窗口的重叠比。数值仿真结果表明,MIMO- fim方法比阵列物理尺寸相同、工作频带相同的MIMO声纳和单输入多输出(SIMO)声纳具有更好的角度分辨率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
High-resolution 2D Imaging Using MIMO Sonar with Fourier Integral Method (FIM)
The angle resolution of an imaging sonar is generally determined by the obtainable aperture of the receiving hydrophone array. When mounted onto a small underwater platform (such as an underwater unmanned vehicle, UUV and an underwater robot), the aperture of the imaging sonar is strictly constrained by the limited surface space of the platform. To improve the angle resolution of the imaging sonar without requiring a larger-size underwater platform, we propose a high resolution 2-D imaging method using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sonar with Fourier integral method (FIM). This method is termed as MIMO-FIM for short in this paper. MIMO-FIM shares the same sonar array structure and the same orthogonal transmitting waveforms as the MIMO sonar. Different from the MIMO sonar imaging method where the outputs of matched filters are directly collected for multibeam processing, MIMO-FIM uses FIM to process these matched filters’ outputs to extend the aperture of the virtual array. And then, the FIM outputs are imported to beamformers to produce the high resolution 2-D image. Thus, MIMO-FIM has a two-step aperture extending effect. Firstly, the large-aperture virtual array is produced by the MIMO method where the matched filters corresponding to different orthogonal waveforms are used; and secondly an even larger aperture is obtained by FIM where the matched filters outputs are taken as the inputs. Furthermore, we use the time-domain slice window to process outputs of matched filters when using FIM. And the window width and the overlapped ratio of neighboring ones are given. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed MIMO-FIM method shows a better angle resolution than the MIMO sonar and single-input multiple-output (SIMO) sonar, which share the same array physical size and the same working frequency band.
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