Delay and Energy Efficient Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are usually self-organized wireless ad hoc networks composed by a large number of low-cost micro sensor nodes. These nodes are small in size and are operated by battery sources which cannot be easily replaced or recharged. Due to energy constraint, the node must complete a specified task with minimum energy dissipation and prolong the network’s lifetime. In WSN during the data transmission phase sleep/wake-up scheduling is also one of the fundamental problems. The purpose of sleep/wake-up scheduling is to save the energy of each node by keeping nodes in sleep mode as long as possible and thereby increasing their lifetime. In this paper, a Self Adaptive-Sleep/Wake-up Scheduling (SA-SWS) protocol using Cooperative Media Access Control (CMAC) helps to allocate the timeslots to forward data from the source to sink. The nodes which are having the highest residual energy are selected as the forwarding nodes. In this approach, the reinforcement learning technique, was used to enable each node to autonomously decide its own operation mode (sleep, listen, transmit) in a decentralized manner. Simulation results demonstrate the good performance compared with the other approach for above mentioned problem.