非小细胞肺癌的药物遗传学研究进展

Munindra Ruwali, Keshav Moharir, Sanjiv Singh, P. Aggarwal, M. Paul
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引用次数: 1

摘要

尽管已经取得了重大的临床进展,但肺癌仍然是最致命的,其5年生存率很低。患者对治疗反应的可变性是实质性的,并且与肺癌的基因组景观有关。药物遗传学研究已经破译了肿瘤遗传改变与其对药物疗效、毒性敏感性和癌症治疗总体结果的影响之间的许多临床相关关联。生物标志物是一种工具,可以帮助预测、预后、诊断和随访癌症治疗。大规模和单细胞下一代测序的患者队列已经产生了更好的了解肺癌的遗传基础,并开辟了个性化的治疗机会。免疫疗法和个性化医疗为肺癌患者带来了希望。本文综述了遗传改变和重要的肺癌生物标志物。还讨论了药物遗传关联,个性化免疫治疗和有效治疗相关的挑战。药物遗传学和药物基因组学可以为优化、个性化的非小细胞肺癌治疗开辟新的前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Updates in Pharmacogenetics of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Though significant clinical advances have been made, lung cancer remains the most lethal, with a low 5-year survival rate. The variability in patient response towards therapy is substantial and is associated with lung cancer’s genomic landscape. Pharmacogenetic studies have deciphered many clinically relevant associations between tumor genetic alterations and their influences on drug efficacy, toxicity sensitivity and overall outcomes of cancer treatment. Biomarkers are tools in the arsenal that can help in the prediction, prognosis, diagnosis and follow-up of cancer treatment. Bulk and single-cell next-generation sequencing of large patient cohorts have generated a better understanding of the genetic underpinnings of lung cancer, and opening up personalized therapeutic opportunities. Immunotherapy and personalized medicine are providing hope for lung cancer patients. This review highlights the genetic alterations and important lung cancer biomarkers. The pharmacogenetic associations, personalized immunotherapy and challenges associated with effective therapy are also discussed. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics can open up new vistas for optimized, personalized NSCLC treatment.
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