Hume and Superfluous Value (or the Problem with Epictetus’ Slippers)

Taking its cue from Epictetus’ condemnation of superfluous refinements, Hume’s defence of luxury is examined. This defence incorporates a rejection of the virtue of poverty and its conceptual replacement with a notion of impoverishment as undesirable. Hume identifies benefits from the pursuit of refinement at both the social and individual level. In the former it supplies an incentive that encourages industry and prosperity and in the former it vindicates the positive enjoyment that comes from material goods.