乌克兰通货膨胀目标制时期的银行贷款:当前的现实和前景

Halyna Zabchuk, Olha Ivashchuk
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摘要

介绍。本文分析了2014-2017年金融危机期间银行贷款领域存在的趋势。分析了国内银行贷款活动下降的原因。建议建立加强银行贷款的机制,作为确保乌克兰经济增长的必要条件。方法。本文运用了一般科学的认知、归纳、演绎和比较方法。统计和图形方法以及数学建模方法用于分析银行贷款活动下降的原因和后果。在制定提案和建议时采用了系统方法。结果。研究了2014-2017年经济危机和疫情冲击期间乌克兰的银行贷款情况。确定了影响银行信贷活动的负面因素。乌克兰国家银行、政府和立法机构在为刺激银行机构的贷款活动创造条件方面的主要错误估计得到了证实。在聚类分析的帮助下,根据国内银行对乌克兰经济贷款的参与程度,将其分为四类。讨论。强调现阶段银行对国内企业贷款的特殊性。在分析乌克兰银行贷款发展的基础上,制定了加强银行贷款支持国民经济实体部门的有希望的战略。关键词:银行贷款激活,利率政策,商业银行再融资,信用风险,信誉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
BANK LENDING IN THE PERIOD OF INFLATION TARGETING IN UKRAINE: CURRENT REALITIES AND PROSPECTS
Introduction. The article analyzes the existing trends in the field of bank lending during the crisis of 2014-2017. The reasons for the decline in lending activity of domestic banks are considered. Mechanisms for intensifying bank lending as a necessary condition for ensuring economic growth in Ukraine are proposed. Methods. General scientific methods of cognition, induction, deduction and comparison are used in the article. Statistical and graphical methods and the method of mathematical modelling were used to analyse the causes and consequences of the decline in banks' lending activity. The system method was used in the development of proposals and recommendations. Results. Bank lending in Ukraine during the economic crisis of 2014-2017 and pandemic shocks is studied. Negative factors influencing the credit activity of banks have been identified. The main miscalculations of the National Bank of Ukraine, the Government and the legislature in the field of creating conditions for stimulating the lending activity of banking institutions are substantiated. With the help of cluster analysis, domestic banks are grouped into four clusters according to the level of their participation in lending to the Ukrainian economy. Discussion. The peculiarities of bank lending to domestic enterprises at the present stage are highlighted. Based on the analysis of the development of bank lending in Ukraine, promising strategies for intensifying bank lending support to the real sector of the national economy have been developed. Keywords: activation of bank lending, interest rate policy, refinancing of commercial banks, credit risk, creditworthiness.
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