服务设计在哈萨克斯坦共和国护理服务发展中的应用经验

A. Masharipova, G. Derbissalina, D. Zhunussova, G. Nagashybek, D. Amangeldiyeva
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摘要

背景。服务设计是在医疗机构中规划和实施变革以提高医疗服务质量的活动。在欧洲和美国,服务设计在许多大型多学科医疗中心广泛存在。研究设计。本文是对经验方法的描述。作者介绍了自己在阿斯塔纳一家私人医疗中心护理领域使用服务设计的经验。来自阿斯塔纳医科大学的研究小组选择的主题是:“在初级卫生保健组织中提高慢性病患者对护理质量的满意度。”我们使用现成的工具,在纸上、挂图、海报和贴纸上反映他们的想法。我们团队在一个月内进行了直接的数据收集(访谈和观察)。计划的病人和护士人数分别为10人。访谈侧重于访谈患者和护士的主观体验,揭示他们的信念、态度、相互信任的程度和沟通的质量。然后主持人收集完成的表格并总结结果。因此,考虑到患者一再抱怨缺乏关于即将进行的操作(检查、手术、饮食等)、一般疾病、自我护理方法的信息,将注意力的焦点转向护士的沟通技能水平低下;缺乏同理心和医德。新目标旨在提高病人对综合诊所护士沟通技巧的满意度。为了解决这一问题,我们决定对综合诊所的护士进行两小时的快速培训,通过实施护士协议来提高护士的沟通能力。结论。服务设计作为一种创新的工具,首次应用于哈萨克斯坦的医疗保健行业,以改善以患者为中心的护理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Experience in using the service design in the development of nursing services in the republic of Kazakhstan
Background. Service design is the activity of planning and implementing changes in medical organizations to improve the quality of medical services. In Europe and the USA, service design is widespread in many large multidisciplinary medical centers. Study design. This article is a description of the experience. Methods. The authors described their own experience of using service design in the field of nursing in a private medical center in Astana. Results. The team from the Astana Medical University chose the topic: “increasing the level of satisfaction of patients with chronic diseases with the quality of nursing care in the organization of primary health care.” We used ready-made tools, reflecting their ideas on paper, flipcharts, posters and stickers. Direct data collection (interviewing and observation) by our team was carried out within one month. The planned number of patients and nurses was 10 people each. The interview focused on the subjective experience of the interviewed patients and nurses, revealing their beliefs, attitudes, level of trust and quality of communication with each other. Then the facilitators collected the completed forms and summed up the results. Thus, the focus of attention was shifted towards the low level of communication skills of nurses, taking into account the repeated complaints of patients about the lack of information about upcoming manipulations (tests, operations, diet, etc.), diseases in general, methods of self-care; lack of empathy and medical ethics. The new goal was aimed at increasing patient satisfaction with the communication skills of polyclinic nurses. To solve this problem, it was decided to conduct a two-hour express training among the nurses of the polyclinic to improve the communication skills of nurses by implementing the NURSE protocol. Conclusions. Service design has been applied for the first time in the healthcare industry of Kazakhstan as an innovative tool for improving patient-centered nursing care.
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