Ecophysiology of seed heteromorphism in halophytes: an overview.

Abstract Seed heteromorphism is the production of two or more types of seeds by a single individual of many plant species. On the basis of an extensive literature survey, this chapter aims to provide an overview of the research on seed heteromorphism, especially in the context of halophytes, which are emerging as non-conventional crops for arid saline lands. We cover the occurrence, ecophysiological significance and different biochemical aspects of seed heteromorphism. Dormancy, and the responses of heteromorphic seeds of halophytes to salinity, temperature and photoperiod are discussed. We also provide an overview of the carryover effects of heteromorphic seeds to progeny. This article also attempts to highlight the gaps in existing knowledge about seed heteromorphism in halophytes.