Real-Time Approach of Grid-Parallel Simulation for Automated Distribution Grids

Distribution grids are subject to constant change due to transformations in energy transmission, generation and consumption. Among other reasons, the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and increasing electromobility make safe and reliable grid operation in conventional structures more difficult. More monitoring devices are increasingly being installed to better track grid conditions and make them available for analysis functions. A powerful grid automation system is becoming a key factor in the operation of distribution grids. Novel automation functions as well as decision support capabilities are required to cope with adverse network conditions and the massive amount of data. Complementing classical monitoring systems, this paper shows an approach and use cases of a real-time simulation (RT) parallel to the grid based on measured data, system identification and state estimation of the real grid. The system extends the monitoring functionalities to an influence reactive system that can reproduce the network operation in a realistic environment. As with hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) simulations, this approach provides a platform for testing and monitoring the automation functions of distribution networks.